Glossary
alkane:
a hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms
alkene:
a hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond
alkyl halide:
an alkane in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with a halogen atom as a result of a substation reaction
alkyne:
a hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond
aromatic hydrocarbon:
a compound with a structure based on benzene: a ring of six carbon atoms
functional group:
a structural arrangement of atoms that, because of their electronegativity and bonding type, imparts particular characteristics to the molecule
hydration reaction:
a reaction that results in the addition of a water molecule
hydrocarbon:
an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms in its molecular structure
isomer:
a compound with the same molecular formula as another compound, but a different molecular structure
IUPAC:
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry: the organization that establishes the conventions used by chemists
Markovnikov's rule:
When a hydrogen halide or water is added to an alkene or alkyne, the hydrogen atom bonds to the carbon atom within the double bond that already has more hydrogen atoms. this rule may be remembered simply as "the rich get richer"
a hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms
alkene:
a hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond
alkyl halide:
an alkane in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with a halogen atom as a result of a substation reaction
alkyne:
a hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond
aromatic hydrocarbon:
a compound with a structure based on benzene: a ring of six carbon atoms
functional group:
a structural arrangement of atoms that, because of their electronegativity and bonding type, imparts particular characteristics to the molecule
hydration reaction:
a reaction that results in the addition of a water molecule
hydrocarbon:
an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms in its molecular structure
isomer:
a compound with the same molecular formula as another compound, but a different molecular structure
IUPAC:
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry: the organization that establishes the conventions used by chemists
Markovnikov's rule:
When a hydrogen halide or water is added to an alkene or alkyne, the hydrogen atom bonds to the carbon atom within the double bond that already has more hydrogen atoms. this rule may be remembered simply as "the rich get richer"